Going on a Journey

I am His Beloved

I Am His Beloved
A Pastoral Study on Resting Secure in the Love of God

Executive Summary

A Word Before We Begin

I. Beloved Is Your Name

II. Loved Before You Did Anything

III. Loved as the Father Loves the Son

IV. Held Securely: Nothing Can Separate You

V. When Your Heart Will Not Believe

VI. Simply Believing: Receiving What Is Already True

VII. Resting in His Love

VIII. Living as the Beloved

A Closing Word

Bibliography

Executive Summary

Many faithful believers can explain that God loves the world, and could quote John 3:16 without hesitation, yet quietly doubt that God loves them. They serve, pray, give, and attend, but underneath runs a low and constant question: Is He pleased with me? Have I done enough? Would He still want me if He saw what I really am? This study is written for them.

Its message is simple, though it can take a lifetime to receive: in Christ, you are God’s beloved, and nothing can change that. The study gathers the Scriptures that say so and invites the reader not to achieve something new but to believe and rest in what is already true.

The study moves in eight steps:

  1. Beloved is your name. God calls His Son “My beloved,” and then calls those who are in His Son by the same name: “beloved of God” (Romans 1:7), “holy and beloved” (Colossians 3:12), “accepted in the Beloved” (Ephesians 1:6).
  2. You were loved before you did anything. God set His love on His people when they had nothing to offer (Deuteronomy 7:7–8). Christ died for us “while we were still sinners” (Romans 5:8). God’s love did not begin with our performance, so it cannot end with our failure.
  3. You are loved as the Father loves the Son. Jesus prays that the world may know the Father has “loved them as You have loved Me” (John 17:23). God does not love His children reluctantly. He rejoices over them with singing (Zephaniah 3:17).
  4. You are held securely. Nothing in all creation “shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord” (Romans 8:39). No one can snatch Christ’s sheep from His hand or His Father’s (John 10:28–29).
  5. When your heart will not believe. Shame, past wounds, a performance mindset, and changing feelings all make it hard to receive God’s love. Scripture meets each one, most tenderly in the father who ran to his returning son (Luke 15:20), and in the promise that “God is greater than our heart” (1 John 3:20).
  6. Simply believing. Receiving God’s love is an act of faith, not of feeling. “We have known and believed the love that God has for us” (1 John 4:16). The Holy Spirit pours that love into our hearts (Romans 5:5) and bears witness that we are God’s children (Romans 8:16).
  7. Resting in His love. Jesus invites the weary, “Come to Me … and I will give you rest” (Matthew 11:28). The study offers simple practices for resting: a beloved prayer, slow reading of Scripture, stillness, remembering, receiving the Lord’s Supper, and letting others speak God’s love to us.
  8. Living as the beloved. Those who know they are loved are set free to love: “We love Him because He first loved us” (1 John 4:19). Secure in God’s love, believers can treat one another with tenderness, patience, and grace.

Each section closes with implications for life together in the church and with questions for reflection and discussion.

A Word Before We Begin
Who This Study Is For

This study is for the believer who knows the right answers but has never quite been able to rest in them. Perhaps you grew up in a home where love had to be earned, or was withdrawn when you failed. Perhaps you came to faith with a heavy burden of guilt, and even after years of walking with Christ you still feel you are on probation. Perhaps you serve faithfully, but your service is driven more by fear of displeasing God than by joy in being loved by Him. Perhaps you simply cannot feel what you have been told is true.

If that describes you, you are not alone, and you are not a failure as a Christian. Many of God’s saints have walked this road. The good news is that God’s love for you does not depend on your ability to feel it, understand it, or receive it well. It depends on Him.

How to Use This Study
  • Go slowly. This is not material to master but truth to receive. Read one section at a time, and let the Scriptures sink in.
  • Read the passages aloud. Many of the verses quoted here are words God speaks to you. Hear them as addressed to you personally.
  • Be honest. The questions at the end of each section invite honesty about what you believe and what you struggle to believe. God already knows. Telling Him the truth is part of resting in His love.
  • Do not walk alone. If old wounds make it especially hard to believe that God could love you, talk with your pastor or a mature, trusted believer. God often speaks His love to us through His people.
The Word “Beloved”
  • The New Testament has two closely related words for “beloved.” ἀγαπητός means “beloved,” “dear.” Thayer lists it as the title the Father gives His Son and as a name for believers who are “beloved of God.”[1] ἠγαπημένος, a perfect participle of the verb ἀγαπάω (“to love”), means “one who has been loved and remains loved.” The perfect tense describes a past act with a lasting result.
  • Both words describe not what the believer does but what the believer is: one on whom God’s love rests.
I. Beloved Is Your Name
Significance

Before God asks anything of His children, He tells them who they are. The first and deepest truth about a believer is not “servant,” “worker,” or even “sinner saved by grace,” precious as that is. It is “beloved.” God gives this name first to His Son, and then, astonishingly, to all who are in His Son.

What Scripture Says

At Jesus’ baptism, before He had preached a sermon or worked a miracle, the Father spoke from heaven:

Matthew 3:17: And suddenly a voice came from heaven, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.”

Paul teaches that believers share in that same love because they are joined to the Son:

Ephesians 1:6: to the praise of the glory of His grace, by which He made us accepted in the Beloved.

The same name is given to ordinary believers in Rome and in Colossae:

Romans 1:7: To all who are in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Colossians 3:12: Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, put on tender mercies, kindness, humility, meekness, longsuffering;

Paul reminds the Thessalonians of their standing (the Greek reads literally “brethren beloved by God”):

1 Thessalonians 1:4: knowing, beloved brethren, your election by God.

John can hardly contain his wonder at the name God has given us:

1 John 3:1: Behold what manner of love the Father has bestowed on us, that we should be called children of God! Therefore the world does not know us, because it did not know Him.

And the bride in the Song of Solomon speaks words that many believers through the centuries have made their own prayer:

Song of Solomon 6:3: I am my beloved’s, And my beloved is mine. He feeds his flock among the lilies.

A Pastoral Word
  • “In the Beloved.” In Ephesians 1:6 Paul calls Christ simply “the Beloved” (ἠγαπημένος). God’s acceptance of you is not a separate, smaller love alongside His love for His Son. You are accepted in the Beloved. Ellicott explains that believers share in the Son’s standing because of their unity with Him, the One in whom the Father is well pleased.[2] JFB puts it simply: God loves believers in His Beloved.[3]
  • “Graced.” The verb Paul uses, ἐχαρίτωσεν (“made accepted”), is built on the word for grace. Ellicott notes it is the same verb the angel used for Mary, “highly favored” (Luke 1:28).[4] You have been “graced” by God.
  • Heard before He did anything. Jesus heard “My beloved Son” before His public ministry began. The Father’s delight did not wait for His achievements. Neither does His delight in you wait for yours.
  • “What manner of love.” John’s word ποταπήν expresses astonishment. The Cambridge Bible renders the thought “what amazing love.”[5] The Pulpit Commentary notes that John says God has given not merely a proof of His love but His love itself.[6]
  • “And we are.” The oldest manuscripts of 1 John 3:1 add the words “and we are,” which the NKJV does not include. The Cambridge Bible and JFB both support the addition.[7] John wants no doubt: you are not merely called God’s child; you are His child.
  • A name to believe. You may not feel like God’s beloved. But a name is not a feeling. It is something given and declared. God has named you; your part is to believe Him.
Implications for the Local Church
  • Hear your name first. Align: begin each day by remembering that God calls you “beloved” before He calls you to any task.
  • Stop introducing yourself to God by your failures. Adjust: when you pray, address God as a beloved child speaks to a loving Father, not as an accused person approaches a judge.
  • Use the name for one another. The apostles regularly addressed believers as “beloved” (1 John 4:7; Jude 3). Align: speak to fellow believers as people God loves, especially those who seem least lovable.
  • Let the church be a place where the name is heard. Align: in worship, teaching, and fellowship, let believers regularly hear that they are God’s beloved, not only that they have work to do.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. How would it change the way you treat a difficult brother or sister if you remembered that God calls him or her “beloved”?
  2. Our culture often defines people by their achievements, roles, or failures. How does the name “beloved” challenge the way believers size one another up?
  3. What would a congregation look like if every member treated every other member as “holy and beloved” (Colossians 3:12)?

Discussion Questions

  1. Why do you think the Father declared His love for Jesus before Jesus had begun His public ministry?
  2. Which is easier for you to believe: that you are “called to be a saint” or that you are “beloved of God”? Why?
  3. What names do you tend to call yourself in your own mind? How do they compare with the name God gives you?

Analysis Questions

  1. What does the phrase “accepted in the Beloved” (Ephesians 1:6) teach about the basis of God’s acceptance of believers?
  2. Compare Colossians 3:12 with the commands that follow it. Why does Paul name believers “holy and beloved” before telling them what to “put on”?
  3. Why might John have added “and we are” in 1 John 3:1? What difference does it make to a believer’s assurance?

Personal Evaluation Question

Do I truly believe that God’s first word over me is “beloved”? What would change in my prayer life this week if I began each day by receiving that name?

II. Loved Before You Did Anything
Significance

Many believers secretly think God’s love works like human approval: it rises when we do well and falls when we fail. Scripture teaches the opposite. God’s love for His people began before they did anything good, and it was set on them when they were at their worst. A love that did not begin with our performance cannot be ended by our failure.

What Scripture Says

Moses reminds Israel why God chose them. It was not because of anything in them:

Deuteronomy 7:7: The LORD did not set His love on you nor choose you because you were more in number than any other people, for you were the least of all peoples;

Deuteronomy 7:8: but because the LORD loves you, and because He would keep the oath which He swore to your fathers, the LORD has brought you out with a mighty hand, and redeemed you from the house of bondage, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.

Through Jeremiah, God speaks to a people who had failed Him again and again:

Jeremiah 31:3: The LORD has appeared of old to me, saying: “Yes, I have loved you with an everlasting love; Therefore with lovingkindness I have drawn you.”

Paul points to the cross as the proof that God loved us before we were lovable:

Romans 5:8: But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.

Ephesians 2:4: But God, who is rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us,

Ephesians 2:5: even when we were dead in trespasses, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved),

John insists that God’s love always comes first:

1 John 4:10: In this is love, not that we loved God, but that He loved us and sent His Son to be the propitiation for our sins.

1 John 4:19: We love Him because He first loved us.

A Pastoral Word
  • “Because the LORD loves you.” Notice Moses’ reasoning in Deuteronomy 7:8. Why did God love Israel? Because He loves them. Love is the reason for love. God’s love has no cause outside Himself. That is why nothing in you can create it, and nothing in you can destroy it.
  • “While we were still sinners.” God did not wait for us to clean ourselves up. He showed His love at the moment we were least deserving of it. If He loved you then, when you were His enemy (Romans 5:10), He will not stop loving you now that you are His child.
  • “Even when we were dead.” A dead person cannot earn anything. Paul’s point is that salvation was all God’s doing: “by grace you have been saved.” So is His love.
  • “Not that we loved God.” Many believers try to secure God’s love by loving Him enough. John turns that upside down. Our love for God is always the response, never the cause. If your love for God feels weak, do not try harder to love; look again at how much you are loved (1 John 4:19).
  • Everlasting love. Jeremiah’s word “everlasting” reaches backward as well as forward. There was never a time when God began to love His people on condition, and there will never be a time when He stops.
Implications for the Local Church
  • Stop trying to earn what has been given. Adjust: when you notice yourself trying to win God’s favor by effort, stop and thank Him for the love He gave before you did anything.
  • Let failure drive you to God, not away from Him. Align: when you sin, run toward God in confession rather than hiding from Him, because His love was not based on your success in the first place (1 John 1:9).
  • Love others before they deserve it. Align: extend kindness to the difficult, the struggling, and the newcomer before they have proven themselves, as God did for you.
  • Preach grace, not probation. Adjust: in teaching and counseling, make sure believers hear that obedience is a response to God’s love, not the price of it.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. In what ways does our congregation, perhaps without meaning to, make people feel they must earn their place?
  2. How would knowing that God loved you “while you were still a sinner” change the way you respond to a believer who has fallen?
  3. How can believers show newcomers and strugglers a love that comes before they have proven themselves?

Discussion Questions

  1. Where did you first learn that love must be earned? How has that lesson shaped the way you relate to God?
  2. Why do you think it is so hard to believe that God’s love is not based on our performance?
  3. What would you do differently this week if you were fully convinced that your failures cannot cancel God’s love?

Analysis Questions

  1. In Deuteronomy 7:7–8, what reasons does Moses rule out for God’s love, and what reason does he give? Why is that reason important?
  2. Compare Romans 5:8 with Ephesians 2:4–5. How does each passage describe our condition when God showed His love?
  3. How does 1 John 4:10 change the way we think about the order of our love and God’s love?

Personal Evaluation Question

Am I still trying to earn God’s love, even in small ways? What would it look like for me to stop striving and simply receive the love He gave before I did anything?

III. Loved as the Father Loves the Son
Significance

Some believers accept that God loves them, but they imagine His love as cool, distant, or merely dutiful, as though God puts up with them for Christ’s sake. Scripture describes something far warmer. Jesus says the Father loves His disciples as He loves the Son. God does not merely tolerate His children; He delights in them.

What Scripture Says

In His prayer the night before the cross, Jesus speaks of the measure of the Father’s love for His people:

John 17:23: I in them, and You in Me; that they may be made perfect in one, and that the world may know that You have sent Me, and have loved them as You have loved Me.

Jesus uses the same measure of His own love for His disciples:

John 15:9: As the Father loved Me, I also have loved you; abide in My love.

And He assures them that the Father’s love is personal and direct:

John 16:27: for the Father Himself loves you, because you have loved Me, and have believed that I came forth from God.

The prophet Zephaniah pictures God rejoicing over His restored people:

Zephaniah 3:17: The LORD your God in your midst, The Mighty One, will save; He will rejoice over you with gladness, He will quiet you with His love, He will rejoice over you with singing.

Through Isaiah, God tells His people how precious they are to Him:

Isaiah 43:1: But now, thus says the LORD, who created you, O Jacob, And He who formed you, O Israel: “Fear not, for I have redeemed you; I have called you by your name; You are Mine.”

Isaiah 43:4: Since you were precious in My sight, You have been honored, And I have loved you; Therefore I will give men for you, And people for your life.

A Pastoral Word
  • “As You have loved Me.” Read John 17:23 slowly. Jesus does not say the Father loves us a little, or loves us because He must. He says the Father has loved us as He has loved the Son. There is no deeper love in the universe than the Father’s love for His Son, and Jesus says that is the love with which you are loved.
  • “The Father Himself loves you.” Some believers picture Jesus as kind and the Father as stern, with the Son persuading a reluctant Father to accept them. Jesus corrects that picture directly (John 16:27). The Father Himself loves you. It was the Father who sent the Son (1 John 4:10).
  • God rejoices over you. Zephaniah’s picture is astonishing: the Mighty One singing over His people with joy. The middle phrase, “He will quiet you with His love,” reads literally in Hebrew “He will be silent in His love” (יַחֲרִישׁ בְּאַהֲבָתוֹ). Keil and Delitzsch describe a love deeply felt and absorbed in its object; Barnes speaks of love too deep for words; the Cambridge Bible calls it “a silent ecstasy.”[8] God’s love for His people is so full that it rests in silence and then bursts into song.
  • “You are Mine.” In Isaiah 43 God calls His people by name and claims them as His own. They are “precious” in His sight. You are not a number to God. He knows your name, and He calls you His.
Implications for the Local Church
  • Replace the stern picture of God. Adjust: if you picture the Father as cold or reluctant toward you, replace that picture with Jesus’ words: “the Father Himself loves you” (John 16:27).
  • Let God enjoy you. Align: in prayer, take time simply to be with God as one in whom He delights, without rushing to your list of requests or confessions.
  • See others as precious to God. Align: when you are tempted to dismiss or overlook another believer, remember that God calls that person “precious in My sight.”
  • Let the church’s love reflect the Father’s. Jesus prayed that the world would see the Father’s love in the unity of His people (John 17:23). Adjust: make the warmth of the church’s fellowship a witness to the warmth of God’s love.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. Jesus prayed that the world would know of the Father’s love through the oneness of believers (John 17:23). How does the way we treat one another help or hinder that witness?
  2. If God rejoices over each believer with singing, how should that shape the way we speak about one another?
  3. How can a congregation help members who have been wounded by harsh fathers or authority figures to see God differently?

Discussion Questions

  1. How have you pictured God’s feelings toward you? Distant, disappointed, tolerant, or delighted? Where did that picture come from?
  2. What is your reaction to the thought that the Father loves you as He loves Jesus?
  3. How does it feel to imagine God rejoicing over you with singing (Zephaniah 3:17)?

Analysis Questions

  1. What does the word “as” (καθώς) in John 17:23 and 15:9 teach about the measure of God’s love for believers?
  2. In John 16:27, how does Jesus correct the idea that the Father is reluctant to love His disciples?
  3. Zephaniah 3:17 places God’s silence and God’s singing side by side. What does each say about His love?

Personal Evaluation Question

Have I been relating to God as though He merely tolerates me? What one step will I take this week to receive His delight instead?

IV. Held Securely: Nothing Can Separate You
Significance

Even believers who accept that God loves them often fear that His love might be withdrawn: after a serious sin, a long season of spiritual dryness, or a failure they cannot undo. Scripture answers that fear with some of its strongest promises. The believer’s security does not rest on the strength of his grip on God, but on the strength of God’s grip on him.

What Scripture Says

Paul begins Romans 8 with a sweeping declaration:

Romans 8:1: There is therefore now no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus, who do not walk according to the flesh, but according to the Spirit.

He ends the chapter with a question and a confident answer:

Romans 8:35: Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?

Romans 8:38: For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels nor principalities nor powers, nor things present nor things to come,

Romans 8:39: nor height nor depth, nor any other created thing, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Jesus describes the security of His sheep:

John 10:28: And I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; neither shall anyone snatch them out of My hand.

John 10:29: My Father, who has given them to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch them out of My Father’s hand.

Through Isaiah, God compares His love with the most faithful human love and finds it greater still:

Isaiah 49:15: “Can a woman forget her nursing child, And not have compassion on the son of her womb? Surely they may forget, Yet I will not forget you.

Isaiah 49:16: See, I have inscribed you on the palms of My hands; Your walls are continually before Me.

Isaiah 54:10: For the mountains shall depart And the hills be removed, But My kindness shall not depart from you, Nor shall My covenant of peace be removed,” Says the LORD, who has mercy on you.

The writer of Hebrews quotes God’s promise:

Hebrews 13:5: Let your conduct be without covetousness; be content with such things as you have. For He Himself has said, “I will never leave you nor forsake you.”

And the writer of Lamentations, grieving amid the ruins of Jerusalem, finds God’s mercies new each morning:

Lamentations 3:22: Through the LORD’s mercies we are not consumed, Because His compassions fail not.

Lamentations 3:23: They are new every morning; Great is Your faithfulness.

A Pastoral Word
  • “No condemnation.” Romans 8:1 says “now.” Not after you have improved, not when you feel forgiven, but now. Those who are in Christ are not under condemnation, because Christ bore it for them.
  • “I am persuaded.” Paul’s word πέπεισμαι is in the perfect tense: a settled, lasting conviction. He is not hoping; he is sure. Notice what his list includes: death and life, spiritual powers, the present and the future, height and depth, “any other created thing.” The Cambridge Bible calls the last phrase absolutely inclusive of everything except the Uncreated One Himself.[9] You are a created thing too. Not even you can separate yourself from His love.
  • God’s love, not ours. The love in Romans 8:39 is “the love of God which is in Christ Jesus,” God’s love for us. Gill states that it is not the saints’ love for God but God’s love for His people.[10] Barnes reads it as our love to God, but most commentators read it as God’s love for us.[11] Your security does not rest on how firmly you love God, but on how firmly He loves you. JFB pictures the believer held “in the arms of everlasting Love.”[12]
  • Two hands. In John 10, the believer is held in the Son’s hand and in the Father’s hand. No one can snatch you out of either.
  • Inscribed on His hands. A mother may forget her nursing child, though it is almost unthinkable. God will not forget you. He says He has inscribed you on the palms of His hands (Isaiah 49:16). Christians have long seen in this a picture fulfilled in the nail-scarred hands of Christ.
  • Feelings change; His love does not. Gill notes that a believer may lose the felt sense of God’s love for a season, but never the love itself.[13] Dark seasons are real, but they are not evidence that God has let go.
Implications for the Local Church
  • Answer fear with promise. Align: when you fear God has given up on you, read Romans 8:35–39 aloud and name the specific fear that it answers.
  • Distinguish feelings from facts. Adjust: do not judge God’s love by your emotional state. When you feel distant from God, say, “My feelings have changed, but His love has not.”
  • Help those who fear they have gone too far. Align: surround believers who carry deep regret with the promises of John 10:28–29 and Isaiah 49:15–16, and stay with them while they learn to believe.
  • Make the church a secure place. Adjust: let your welcome of fellow believers not depend on their performance, so that the church reflects the security of God’s love.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. How can a congregation show believers who have failed that they still belong, while still calling them to repentance?
  2. If God never leaves nor forsakes His people, what does faithfulness to one another look like in the church, especially toward those in long seasons of difficulty?
  3. How might fear of rejection by God show itself in the way believers treat one another, and how does God’s security heal it?

Discussion Questions

  1. What experiences have made you fear that God might stop loving you?
  2. Which item on Paul’s list in Romans 8:35–39 speaks most directly to your fears? Why?
  3. How have you experienced God’s mercies being “new every morning” in a difficult season?

Analysis Questions

  1. In Romans 8:35–39, why does Paul end with “any other created thing”? What does that phrase include?
  2. What does the picture of two hands in John 10:28–29 add to the promise of security?
  3. In Isaiah 49:15, why does God compare His love with a mother’s love, and why does He say His love is greater?

Personal Evaluation Question

Is there a fear I carry that God’s love for me might fail? Which promise from this section will I write down, memorize, and return to whenever that fear rises?

V. When Your Heart Will Not Believe
Significance

Knowing the promises is not always the same as believing them in the heart. Many sincere believers say, “I know God loves me, but I just can’t feel it,” or “I know what the Bible says, but I can’t believe it’s true for me.” This section names some of the obstacles to receiving God’s love and shows how Scripture meets each one with tenderness.

What Scripture Says

In Jesus’ parable, the father does not wait for his returning son to make a full confession before he runs to him:

Luke 15:20: And he arose and came to his father. But when he was still a great way off, his father saw him and had compassion, and ran and fell on his neck and kissed him.

Luke 15:22: But the father said to his servants, ’Bring out the best robe and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand and sandals on his feet.

To the older son, who had served faithfully but never enjoyed his father’s love, the father speaks just as tenderly:

Luke 15:31: And he said to him, ’Son, you are always with me, and all that I have is yours.

John speaks to the believer whose own heart accuses him:

1 John 3:19: And by this we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before Him.

1 John 3:20: For if our heart condemns us, God is greater than our heart, and knows all things.

The psalmist reminds us that God understands our weakness:

Psalm 103:13: As a father pities his children, So the LORD pities those who fear Him.

Psalm 103:14: For He knows our frame; He remembers that we are dust.

John explains why fear and love cannot live comfortably together:

1 John 4:18: There is no fear in love; but perfect love casts out fear, because fear involves torment. But he who fears has not been made perfect in love.

And Paul, once a persecutor of the church, speaks of Christ’s love in the most personal terms:

Galatians 2:20: I have been crucified with Christ; it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself for me.

A Pastoral Word

The Obstacle of Shame

  • Shame says, “If God really knew me, He could not love me.” But God does know you. He “knows all things” (1 John 3:20), and He loves you anyway.
  • The returning son had prepared a speech about his unworthiness (Luke 15:18–19). The father ran to him before he could finish it. The Expositor’s Greek Testament notes that the father ran in the excitement and impatience of love, setting aside the dignity expected of an older man.[14] JFB says the father bounds to meet us.[15] The robe, the ring, and the sandals were not rewards for a good confession; they were the father’s welcome home.

The Obstacle of Performance

  • The older son in Luke 15 had never left home, never broken a rule, and never enjoyed his father’s love. He said, “I have been serving you” (Luke 15:29), as if he were a hired hand. The father’s answer is tender: “Son, you are always with me, and all that I have is yours.”
  • Many faithful church members are older sons. They serve and serve, but they do not rest in the Father’s love. If that is you, hear the Father say: “You are always with Me.” You are not on probation. You are His child.

The Obstacle of an Accusing Heart

  • Sometimes our own conscience keeps condemning us long after God has forgiven. 1 John 3:20 speaks to this, though commentators read it in two ways. Some, like Gill and the Geneva notes, read it as a warning: if our heart condemns us, God’s judgment is stricter still.[16] Others, like Bengel, Vincent, and the Cambridge Bible, read it as comfort: our conscience is weak and limited, but God knows all, and in His greater knowledge and compassion He has the right to pardon.[17] Bengel writes that conscience is weak and knows only something of ourselves.[18]
  • For the believer who has confessed his sin and trusts in Christ, the comfort reading applies. When your heart keeps accusing you of sins God has forgiven, appeal from your heart to God. He is greater than your heart.

The Obstacle of Weakness

  • Some believers fear that their struggles and failures exhaust God’s patience. Psalm 103 answers: “He knows our frame; He remembers that we are dust.” God is not surprised by your weakness. He pities you as a father pities his children.

The Obstacle of Old Wounds

  • Some find it hard to believe in God’s love because of how they were treated by those who should have loved them: a harsh parent, an absent father, an abusive authority. When they hear “Father,” they feel fear rather than love.
  • God’s fatherhood is not modeled on human fathers; human fathers were meant to reflect His. Where they failed, He does not. Healing these wounds often takes time, prayer, and the patient love of other believers. It may also take the help of a pastor or a Christian counselor. Seeking that help is not a lack of faith.

The Obstacle of Fear

  • 1 John 4:18 says that fear “involves torment,” literally that fear has to do with punishment. The believer who lives in fear of punishment has not yet fully received the love that casts it out. The answer is not to try harder to stop being afraid, but to look longer at the love of God shown at the cross.

Making It Personal

  • Paul writes, “who loved me and gave Himself for me” (Galatians 2:20). It is not enough to believe that God loves the world, or the church, or other believers. The step of faith is to say, with Paul, “He loved me.”
Implications for the Local Church
  • Name your obstacle. Adjust: identify which obstacle above most often keeps you from receiving God’s love, and bring it honestly to God in prayer.
  • Appeal from your heart to God. Align: when your conscience keeps condemning you for sins already confessed, read 1 John 1:9 and 3:20 and choose to believe God over your feelings.
  • Make it personal. Adjust: read Galatians 2:20 aloud, stressing the words “me” and “for me.”
  • Be the running father to one another. Align: welcome a returning or struggling believer warmly and quickly, before he or she has finished explaining.
  • Watch for older brothers. Align (for leaders): notice faithful servants who are weary and joyless, and remind them that they are loved, not merely useful.
  • Walk with the wounded. Align: patiently love believers whose past makes God’s love hard to believe, and help them find wise pastoral care when they need it.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. Does our congregation respond to returning prodigals more like the father or like the older brother? How can we grow?
  2. How might the church unintentionally reward performance and overlook rest? What would it look like to value both service and rest in God’s love?
  3. How can believers help one another tell the difference between the voice of conviction and the voice of condemnation?

Discussion Questions

  1. Which obstacle in this section do you recognize most in yourself? Why?
  2. Do you relate more to the younger son or the older son in Luke 15? Why?
  3. When your heart condemns you, what do you usually do? What does 1 John 3:20 invite you to do instead?

Analysis Questions

  1. In Luke 15:20–22, what does the father do before the son finishes his confession? What does that reveal about God’s love?
  2. Compare the father’s words to the older son (Luke 15:31) with the older son’s complaint (Luke 15:29–30). What had the older son misunderstood?
  3. How does 1 John 4:18 explain the relationship between fear and love? What does it suggest about the cure for fear?

Personal Evaluation Question

What is the main thing that keeps me from believing God loves me? What would I say to a friend who struggled with the same thing, and can I say it to myself?

VI. Simply Believing: Receiving What Is Already True
Significance

How does a believer come to know and rest in God’s love? Not by working up a feeling, and not by achieving a spiritual breakthrough. Scripture describes receiving God’s love as an act of faith: believing what God has said. And it describes the Holy Spirit as the one who makes that love real in our hearts. Our part is to believe; His part is to pour out God’s love and bear witness to it.

What Scripture Says

John describes the believer’s response to God’s love in two simple verbs:

1 John 4:16: And we have known and believed the love that God has for us. God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God, and God in him.

Paul explains that the Holy Spirit pours God’s love into our hearts:

Romans 5:5: Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us.

The Spirit also assures us that we belong to God’s family:

Romans 8:15: For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption by whom we cry out, “Abba, Father.”

Romans 8:16: The Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,

Galatians 4:6: And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, “Abba, Father!”

Paul prays that believers would know this love more and more:

Ephesians 3:17-19: that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith; that you, being rooted and grounded in love, 18: may be able to comprehend with all the saints what is the width and length and depth and height—19: to know the love of Christ which passes knowledge; that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.

A Pastoral Word
  • “Known and believed.” In 1 John 4:16 both verbs are in the perfect tense: “we have come to know and have come to believe,” a settled condition that continues. The Pulpit Commentary notes that the two perfects describe a continuing state that began in the past.[19] The Cambridge Bible says that sound faith is intelligent and sound knowledge is believing.[20] Receiving God’s love involves both the mind and the heart: knowing what God has said, and trusting it.
  • Faith, not feeling. To “believe the love that God has for us” is to take God at His word. Feelings may follow, and often do, but they are not the foundation. A believer who waits to feel loved before believing he is loved may wait a long time. A believer who believes God’s word about His love will, over time, find his heart following.
  • Poured out by the Spirit. In Romans 5:5 “the love of God” means God’s love for us. Meyer, the Expositor’s Greek Testament, Gill, JFB, Bengel, and the Cambridge Bible all read it that way; Barnes reads it as our love to God.[21] The verb ἐκκέχυται (“has been poured out”) is in the perfect tense. The Cambridge Bible says it marks the lasting result of a past act;[22] the Expositor’s Greek Testament says God’s love “has been poured out in, and still floods, our hearts.”[23] God does not ration His love in drops. He pours it out.
  • “Abba, Father.” The Spirit of adoption replaces “the spirit of bondage … to fear” (Romans 8:15). Abba is the Aramaic word for “father” that Jesus Himself used in prayer (Mark 14:36). By the Spirit, believers are invited into the Son’s own way of speaking to the Father. You do not need to work up the courage to call God “Father”; the Spirit within you is already crying it out.
  • The Spirit bears witness. Romans 8:16 promises that the Spirit testifies “with our spirit” that we are God’s children. Assurance of God’s love is not something we must manufacture; it is something the Spirit gives as we trust God’s word.
  • Knowing what surpasses knowledge. Paul prays that we would “know the love of Christ which passes knowledge” (Ephesians 3:19). Meyer explains that this knowledge is not the reasoning kind but the knowledge that comes from experience.[24] Gill speaks of “some tastes” of this love.[25] You will never reach the end of God’s love, but you can taste it, and keep tasting it, for the rest of your life.
  • “With all the saints.” Paul prays that believers would grasp this love together (Ephesians 3:18). God often helps us believe His love through the love of His people. This is one reason we must not try to walk alone.
Implications for the Local Church
  • Choose to believe. Adjust: instead of waiting to feel loved, tell God plainly, “I believe the love You have for me,” and repeat it daily.
  • Ask the Spirit to pour out God’s love. Align: pray Romans 5:5 and Ephesians 3:17–19 for yourself, asking the Spirit to make God’s love real to your heart.
  • Call God “Father.” Adjust: address God as Father in your prayers, even if it feels unfamiliar, trusting that the Spirit gives you that right.
  • Pray Paul’s prayer for one another. Align: pray Ephesians 3:17–19 by name for believers in your congregation who struggle to know God’s love.
  • Help each other believe. “With all the saints” (Ephesians 3:18). Align: share with fellow believers how you have experienced God’s love, so that your testimony strengthens their faith.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. Paul prays that believers would comprehend God’s love “with all the saints.” How can the church help its members believe and experience God’s love together?
  2. How might sharing honest stories of God’s love strengthen the faith of believers who are struggling?
  3. How should knowing that the Spirit cries “Abba, Father” in every believer shape the way we treat one another as brothers and sisters?

Discussion Questions

  1. Have you been waiting to feel God’s love before believing it? How has that affected your relationship with Him?
  2. What helps you most to believe God’s love when you do not feel it?
  3. Have you ever experienced the Spirit bearing witness that you are God’s child? What was that like?

Analysis Questions

  1. What do the two perfect-tense verbs in 1 John 4:16 (“known and believed”) suggest about how a believer receives God’s love?
  2. In Romans 5:5, why does it matter whether “the love of God” means God’s love for us or our love for God? Which reading fits the context?
  3. How do Romans 8:15–16 and Galatians 4:6 describe the Spirit’s role in assuring believers of God’s love?

Personal Evaluation Question

Am I willing to take God at His word about His love, even before I feel it? What simple statement of faith will I speak to God each day this week?

VII. Resting in His Love
Significance

The goal of this study is not that you would understand more about God’s love, but that you would rest in it. Jesus invites the weary to come to Him and find rest. Resting in God’s love is not laziness or inactivity; it is the settled quietness of a child who knows he is safe with his Father. This section describes that rest and offers simple practices to help you enter it.

What Scripture Says

Jesus’ invitation is for all who are tired of carrying their burdens alone:

Matthew 11:28: Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.

Matthew 11:29: Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.

David describes a soul at rest:

Psalm 131:2: Surely I have calmed and quieted my soul, Like a weaned child with his mother; Like a weaned child is my soul within me.

The Shepherd Psalm pictures the rest God provides:

Psalm 23:1: The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want.

Psalm 23:2: He makes me to lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside the still waters.

And God calls His people to stillness:

Psalm 46:10: Be still, and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted in the earth!

A Pastoral Word
  • “Gentle and lowly in heart.” When Jesus invites us to come, He describes His own heart. He is not harsh or impatient. He is gentle and lowly. The One who invites you to rest is the kindest person you will ever meet.
  • The weaned child. A nursing infant comes to his mother crying and demanding. A weaned child comes simply to be with her. David describes a soul that no longer needs to strive or demand, but rests quietly in God’s presence. That is the picture of resting in God’s love.
  • “He makes me to lie down.” Sheep do not lie down when they are afraid. The shepherd’s presence brings them rest. Resting in God’s love begins not with our effort to calm ourselves, but with remembering whose we are.
  • “Be still, and know.” Stillness and knowing go together. In the noise and hurry of life, it is hard to know God’s love. Stillness makes room for it.
  • Rest is not passivity. Resting in God’s love does not mean ceasing to serve or obey. It means serving and obeying from a settled heart rather than an anxious one. The yoke Jesus gives is “easy” and His burden “light” (Matthew 11:30), not because there is no work, but because we no longer work to earn His love.
Practices for Resting in His Love

The following practices are not ways to earn God’s love. They are ways to make room in your life to receive it. Begin with one. Small, steady steps matter more than large resolutions.

1. The Beloved Prayer

  • Choose a short phrase from Scripture and pray it slowly throughout the day, especially in moments of anxiety or self-accusation. For example:
    • “I am my Beloved’s, and my Beloved is mine” (Song of Solomon 6:3).
    • “Abba, Father, I am Your beloved child” (Romans 8:15; 1 John 3:1).
    • “Nothing can separate me from Your love” (Romans 8:39).
  • A one-degree shift: Pray your chosen phrase each morning on waking and each night before sleep for one week.

2. Slow Reading of the Love of God

  • Choose one of the passages in this study and read it slowly, several times, over several days. Read it aloud. Put your own name into it where appropriate: “The Father Himself loves you, [name].” Notice which word or phrase stays with you, and talk with God about it.
  • A one-degree shift: Spend ten minutes each day this week with a single passage from this study.

3. Receiving in Stillness

  • Sit quietly before God for a few minutes without asking for anything. Simply remember that you are in the presence of One who loves you, and let Him love you. When your mind wanders to tasks or worries, gently return to the truth that you are His beloved.
  • A one-degree shift: Begin with five minutes of silence each day, and let it grow.

4. Remembering God’s Faithfulness

  • Keep a simple record of the ways God has shown His love to you: answered prayers, provision, comfort, the kindness of others. When doubts rise, read it back.
  • A one-degree shift: At the end of each day, write down one way God showed His love to you that day.

5. Preaching Truth to Your Heart

  • The psalmist speaks to his own soul: “Why are you cast down, O my soul? … Hope in God” (Psalm 42:5). When your heart says, “God could not love you,” answer it with Scripture: “He loved me and gave Himself for me” (Galatians 2:20).
  • A one-degree shift: Write one promise from Section IV on a card and carry it with you.

6. Receiving the Lord’s Supper as a Gift

  • At the Lord’s Table, Christ’s love is shown in bread and cup: “This is My body which is given for you” (Luke 22:19). Come to the Table not to prove your worthiness, but to receive His love afresh.
  • A one-degree shift: Next time you receive the Lord’s Supper, quietly say, “This was given for me.”

7. Letting Others Speak God’s Love to You

  • God often speaks His love through His people. Allow trusted believers to remind you that you are loved. Receive their words without deflecting them.
  • A one-degree shift: Ask a trusted friend or your small group to pray for you to know God’s love, and let them.

8. Sabbath Rest

  • God built rest into the rhythm of creation (Genesis 2:2–3; Exodus 20:8–11). Regular rest reminds us that our worth does not depend on our productivity.
  • A one-degree shift: Set aside a few hours this week with no tasks to complete, simply to enjoy God and His gifts.
Implications for the Local Church
  • Come to Christ with your burden. Align: bring one specific burden to Jesus in prayer this week and leave it with Him.
  • Practice stillness. Adjust: build a few minutes of unhurried silence into your daily routine.
  • Make the church a place of rest. Align: in the church’s life, protect space for worship, prayer, and fellowship that is not only about getting things done.
  • Serve from rest, not for rest. Adjust: examine your service in the church. Are you serving from the security of God’s love or trying to earn it? Adjust accordingly, even if that means stepping back for a season.
  • Help weary servants rest. Align (for leaders): notice members who are worn out and help them find rest, even if it means doing without their service for a time.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. How can a congregation encourage rest in God’s love rather than constant activity?
  2. How should believers who are at rest in God’s love respond to those who are anxious and striving?
  3. What would it look like for our church’s life together to reflect the gentleness of Jesus (Matthew 11:29)?

Discussion Questions

  1. What burdens are you carrying that Jesus invites you to bring to Him?
  2. Which of the practices in this section seems most helpful to you right now? Why?
  3. What makes stillness difficult for you? What might help?

Analysis Questions

  1. How does Jesus’ description of His own heart in Matthew 11:29 shape His invitation to rest?
  2. What is the difference between a nursing child and a weaned child in Psalm 131:2? What does the picture teach about resting in God?
  3. How do Psalm 23:2 and Psalm 46:10 connect rest with knowing God?

Personal Evaluation Question

Which one practice from this section will I begin this week, and when and where will I do it?

VIII. Living as the Beloved
Significance

Knowing that you are God’s beloved is not only a comfort for your own heart. It changes the way you live with others. Those who are secure in God’s love are set free from the need to prove themselves, compete with others, or protect themselves at others’ expense. They are free to love as they have been loved.

What Scripture Says

John traces our love back to its source:

1 John 4:19: We love Him because He first loved us.

Paul tells believers who are “holy and beloved” how to treat one another:

Colossians 3:12: Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, put on tender mercies, kindness, humility, meekness, longsuffering;

And Jesus calls His disciples to remain in the love from which all their love for others will flow:

John 15:9: As the Father loved Me, I also have loved you; abide in My love.

A Pastoral Word
  • Love flows from being loved. We cannot give what we have not received. Believers who do not know they are loved often find it hard to love others well: they may become critical, competitive, or withdrawn. Believers who know they are loved find that love overflowing to others.
  • “Holy and beloved, put on.” In Colossians 3:12, Paul names believers’ identity before he gives his commands. Because you are beloved, you can put on tender mercies, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience. These are not the price of God’s love; they are the fruit of it.
  • Secure people make safe churches. A congregation of people who know they are loved can be honest about their struggles, quick to forgive, slow to judge, and generous with grace.
How Being Beloved Shapes Our Life Together
  • We can stop competing. If God loves each of us fully, there is no need to compete for His approval or for others’. Align: celebrate the gifts and successes of others without envy.
  • We can admit our failures. If God’s love does not depend on our performance, we can be honest about our sins and weaknesses. Adjust: be the first in your small group to speak honestly about a struggle, so others feel safe to do the same.
  • We can forgive. Those who know they are forgiven and loved can forgive others (Ephesians 4:32). Align: release a grudge you have been holding against a fellow believer.
  • We can love the unlovable. God loved us while we were still sinners (Romans 5:8). Align: show kindness to a believer who is difficult to love.
  • We can serve with joy. Service that flows from love is joyful rather than anxious. Adjust: choose one act of service this week and do it simply as a gift of love, not to be noticed.
  • We can speak love to one another. Align: tell one fellow believer this week that God loves him or her, and that you do too.
Questions for Reflection

Worldview Questions

  1. How would our congregation change if every member were secure in God’s love?
  2. In what ways do insecurity and fear damage relationships in the church?
  3. How can we help one another live as the beloved, rather than as people trying to prove ourselves?

Discussion Questions

  1. How has knowing (or not knowing) God’s love affected the way you treat others?
  2. Which of the qualities in Colossians 3:12 do you find hardest to show? How might knowing you are beloved help?
  3. Who has helped you believe that God loves you? How did they do it?

Analysis Questions

  1. How does 1 John 4:19 explain the relationship between God’s love for us and our love for others?
  2. Why does Paul call believers “holy and beloved” before listing the qualities they should put on in Colossians 3:12?
  3. How does Romans 5:8 provide a pattern for how believers should love one another?

Personal Evaluation Question

How will I live differently this week as one who is God’s beloved? Whom will I love, and how?

A Closing Word

If you have read this far and still struggle to believe that God loves you, do not be discouraged. Receiving God’s love is not a single moment but a lifelong journey. Many mature saints have walked it slowly. What matters is not how quickly you arrive, but that you keep coming back to the truth of God’s word.

God has spoken His verdict over you in Christ: beloved. He spoke it before you were born, He proved it at the cross, and He seals it by His Spirit. It does not depend on your feelings, your performance, or your past. It depends on Him, and He does not change.

So come to Him as you are. Rest in His love. Let Him rejoice over you with singing. And when the old doubts rise again, as they will, answer them with the simple confession of faith:

I am His beloved, and nothing can separate me from His love.

Bibliography
Directly Retrieved and Verified This Session

Barnes, Albert. Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. Ephesians 1:6; Romans 5:5; 8:39; Zephaniah 3:17; Luke 15:20; 1 John 3:1, 20; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Bengel, Johann Albrecht. Gnomon of the New Testament. Ephesians 1:6; Romans 5:5; 8:39; Luke 15:20; 1 John 3:1, 20; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Ellicott, Charles John, ed. Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers. Ephesians 1:6; 3:19; Romans 5:5; 8:39; Luke 15:20. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Geneva Study Bible. 1 John 3:20. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_john/3-20.htm.

Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Ephesians 1:6; 3:19; Romans 5:5; 8:39; Zephaniah 3:17; Luke 15:20; 1 John 3:1, 20; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Jamieson, Robert, A. R. Fausset, and David Brown. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible. Ephesians 1:6; Romans 5:5; 8:39; Zephaniah 3:17; Luke 15:20; 1 John 3:1, 20. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Keil, C. F., and F. Delitzsch. Commentary on the Old Testament. Zephaniah 3:17. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/zephaniah/3-17.htm.

Meyer, Heinrich August Wilhelm. Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Ephesians 1:6; 3:19; Romans 5:5. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

New King James Version. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1982. Text checked at Bible Hub and Blue Letter Bible.

SBL Greek New Testament. Edited by Michael W. Holmes. Morphologically tagged text, MorphGNT. https://github.com/morphgnt/sblgnt.

Spence, H. D. M., and Joseph S. Exell, eds. The Pulpit Commentary. Ephesians 1:6; Zephaniah 3:17; Luke 15:20; 1 John 3:1, 20; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Thayer, Joseph Henry. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. Entry for ἀγαπητός. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/greek/27.htm.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Ephesians 1:6; 3:19; Romans 5:5; 8:39; Zephaniah 3:17; 1 John 3:1, 20; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

The Expositor’s Greek Testament. Edited by W. Robertson Nicoll. Ephesians 1:6; 3:19; Romans 5:5; Luke 15:20; 1 John 3:1; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Vincent, Marvin R. Word Studies in the New Testament. Ephesians 1:6; 3:19; 1 John 3:1, 20; 4:16. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/commentaries/.

Recommended for Further Reading (Not Consulted This Session)

Bauer, Walter, Frederick W. Danker, William F. Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

Nouwen, Henri J. M. Life of the Beloved: Spiritual Living in a Secular World. New York: Crossroad, 1992.

Nouwen, Henri J. M. The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

Packer, J. I. Knowing God. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1973.


[1] Joseph Henry Thayer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, s.v. “ἀγαπητός,” Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/greek/27.htm. Thayer predates the discovery of the Koine papyri; confirm in BDAG before teaching.

[2] Charles John Ellicott, ed., Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers, on Ephesians 1:6, Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/ephesians/1-6.htm.

[3] Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, and David Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, on Ephesians 1:6, Bible Hub.

[4] Ellicott, Commentary for English Readers, on Ephesians 1:6.

[5] The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, on 1 John 3:1, Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_john/3-1.htm.

[6] H. D. M. Spence and Joseph S. Exell, eds., The Pulpit Commentary, on 1 John 3:1, Bible Hub.

[7] Cambridge Bible, on 1 John 3:1; Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown, Commentary, on 1 John 3:1. The words καὶ ἐσμέν appear in the SBL Greek New Testament.

[8] C. F. Keil and F. Delitzsch, Commentary on the Old Testament, on Zephaniah 3:17, Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/zephaniah/3-17.htm; Albert Barnes, Barnes’ Notes on the Bible, on Zephaniah 3:17, Bible Hub; Cambridge Bible, on Zephaniah 3:17. No Hebrew lexicon entry was retrieved for this study; confirm the sense of the verb in HALOT or BDB before teaching.

[9] Cambridge Bible, on Romans 8:39, Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/romans/8-39.htm.

[10] John Gill, Exposition of the Entire Bible, on Romans 8:39, Bible Hub.

[11] Barnes, Notes, on Romans 8:39. The Cambridge Bible and JFB, on the same verse, read it as God’s love for believers.

[12] Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown, Commentary, on Romans 8:39.

[13] Gill, Exposition, on Romans 8:39.

[14] The Expositor’s Greek Testament, ed. W. Robertson Nicoll, on Luke 15:20, Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/luke/15-20.htm.

[15] Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown, Commentary, on Luke 15:20.

[16] Gill, Exposition, on 1 John 3:20, Bible Hub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_john/3-20.htm; Geneva Study Bible, on 1 John 3:20, Bible Hub. JFB, on the same verse, presents both readings and favors the warning reading.

[17] Johann Albrecht Bengel, Gnomon of the New Testament, on 1 John 3:20, Bible Hub; Marvin R. Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament, on 1 John 3:20, Bible Hub; Cambridge Bible, on 1 John 3:20. The Pulpit Commentary, on the same verse, sees both comfort for the penitent and warning for the impenitent.

[18] Bengel, Gnomon, on 1 John 3:20.

[19] Spence and Exell, Pulpit Commentary, on 1 John 4:16, Bible Hub.

[20] Cambridge Bible, on 1 John 4:16.

[21] Heinrich August Wilhelm Meyer, Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament, on Romans 5:5, Bible Hub; Expositor’s Greek Testament, on Romans 5:5; Gill, Exposition, on Romans 5:5; Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown, Commentary, on Romans 5:5; Bengel, Gnomon, on Romans 5:5; Cambridge Bible, on Romans 5:5; Barnes, Notes, on Romans 5:5.

[22] Cambridge Bible, on Romans 5:5.

[23] Expositor’s Greek Testament, on Romans 5:5.

[24] Meyer, Critical and Exegetical Commentary, on Ephesians 3:19, Bible Hub.

[25] Gill, Exposition, on Ephesians 3:19.